The First World War and Its Aftermath: Displacement and Permanent Transit | Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe (2024)

Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe

Tobias Brinkmann

Published:

2024

Online ISBN:

9780197655689

Print ISBN:

9780197655658

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Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe

Tobias Brinkmann

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Tobias Brinkmann

Tobias Brinkmann

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Pages

128–161

  • Published:

    July 2024

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Brinkmann, Tobias, 'The First World War and Its Aftermath: Displacement and Permanent Transit', Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe (New York, 2024; online edn, Oxford Academic, 18 July 2024), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197655658.003.0007, accessed 12 Aug. 2024.

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Abstract

The First World War represents a watershed moment in the history of Jewish migration from and within Eastern Europe. The Russian military expelled over 700,000 Jews from their homes. More were displaced during the violent aftermath of the war across Eastern Europe. In 1918–1919 tens of thousands of Jews fell victim to pogroms instigated by Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian nationalists. Postwar migration restrictions, especially those passed by the U.S. Congress, hit Jews in and from Eastern Europe hard. With the collapse of the multiethnic empires in 1918 many Jews became stateless. As unwanted refugees or minorities Jews were fenced out of the postwar system of territorially defined nation-states in Eastern Europe. Jewish aid associations lost much of their leverage.

Keywords: First World War, displacement, expulsion, pogrom, Leo Motzkin, Lucien Wolf, HIAS, Joint Distribution Committee, Johnson-Reed bill, Zionism

Subject

European History

Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online

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